As a serious clinical disease, airway stenosis can significantly affect respiratory function of children, especially for infants. As a minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic tool, bronchoscopy plays a crucial role in the treatment fields of airway stenosis in children. It can not only accurately diagnose the etiology and degree of airway stenosis, but also implement a variety of interventional therapies, such as balloon dilatation, stent implantation, cryoablation, etc., which can effectively alleviate stenosis and improve ventilation function. With the continuous innovation of medical technology, the application scope of diagnosis and treatment of bronchoscopy is constantly expanding, and the safety is gradually enhanced. However, there are still many challenges in actual operation of this technique in pediatric fields, such as difficult operation and insufficient adaptation of device. This paper summarizes the application of flexible bronchoscopy interventional therapy in children with airway stenosis, discusses the comprehensive interventional strategy of children with airway stenosis, and prospects from the aspects of technical innovation, medical device research and development, and multidisciplinary collaboration, etc., so as to provide more high⁃quality and efficient solutions for the diagnosis and treatment of children with airway stenosis.

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