Objective To establish the quality evaluation index system for peritoneal irrigation nursing in patients with ICU abdominal infection. Methods Taking the Donabedian three-dimensional quality structure model (structure-process-result) as basic theoretical framework, the first draft of quality evaluation index system for peritoneal irrigation nursing in patients with ICU abdominal infection was formulated by employing the methods of literature analysis and group discussion, etc. The expert letter consultation method was used to determine quality evaluation index system for peritoneal irrigation nursing in patients with ICU abdominal infection; finally, the weight of various indices was calculated separately using the analytic hierarchy process. Results Two rounds of expert letter consultation were conducted in this study, and the positive coefficient of expert letter consultation on the first and second rounds was both 100%, whereas the authority coefficient was 0.878 and 0.892, respectively. The consistency test results of analytic hierarchy process revealed that the consistency ratio of all-level indices was less than 0.1. The final determined system included 3 first-level indices, 12 second-level indices, and 41 third-level indices. Conclusion Establishing quality evaluation index system for peritoneal irrigation nursing in patients with ICU abdominal infection is comprehensive, standardized, scientific, and reliable, which can provide references for improving the quality of peritoneal irrigation nursing of these patients.