Objective To explore the application effect of intervention system construction based on Levine conservation mode in patients with peritoneal dialysis. Methods A total of 134 patients with peritoneal dialysis were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly assigned to intervention group or control group, and finally 65 cases were enrolled in the control group and the intervention group, respectively. The control group received routine nursing for intervention, based on which the intervention group received nursing intervention based on Levine conservation mode. Both groups received intervention for 12 months. The scores of various dimensions of pre- and post-intervention quality check-list of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis prevention, serum albumin and hemoglobin levels, and the incidence rate of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis after intervention were compared between patients of the two groups. Results After intervention, patients of the intervention group obtained higher scores of various dimensions of quality check-list of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis prevention as compared with before intervention and the control group (P<0.05), and serum albumin level was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in hemoglobin level between the two groups (P>0.05). The intervention group exhibited a lower incidence rate of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Intervention system constructed based on Levine conservation mode can make peritoneal dialysis operation more standardized in patients with peritoneal dialysis, and reduce the incidence rate of peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis, elevate serum albumin level in patients.