广西医学

目的分析口腔癌组织中Gasdermin E（GSDME）、血清淀粉样蛋白A1（SAA1）的表达情况，并探讨两者与口腔癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法选取102例口腔癌患者，采用免疫组织化学法检测癌组织和癌旁组织中GSDME、SAA1的表达情况。分析不同临床病理特征患者口腔癌组织中GSDME、SAA1的表达情况。采用Kaplan⁃Meier法绘制生存曲线，分析癌组织中GSDME、SAA1的表达情况与患者预后的关系。采用多因素COX回归模型分析口腔癌患者预后的影响因素。结果口腔癌组织中GSDME表达阳性率低于癌旁组织，SAA1表达阳性率高于癌旁组织（P<0.05）。相比于高中分化程度、无颈淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者，低分化程度、有颈淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅲ期患者癌组织的GSDME表达阳性率较低，SAA1表达阳性率较高（P<0.05）。GSDME表达阴性患者的3年无进展生存率低于GSDME表达阳性患者（P<0.05）；SAA1表达阳性患者的3年无进展生存率低于SAA1蛋白阴性患者（P<0.05）。分化程度、颈淋巴结转移、TNM分期、癌组织GSDME和SAA1表达情况是口腔癌患者预后的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。结论口腔癌组织中GSDME表达降低、SAA1表达升高，两者与患者的TNM分期、肿瘤细胞分化程度、颈淋巴结转移及预后密切相关。

Objective To analyze the expressions of Gasdermin E (GSDME) and serum amyloid protein A1 (SAA1) in oral cancerous tissues, and to explore their relations with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with oral cancer. Methods A total of 102 patients with oral cancer were selected, and GSDME and SAA1 expressions in cancerous tissues and paracancerous tissues were detected by using immunohistochemistry. The expressions of GSDME and SAA1 in oral cancerous tissues of patients with different clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. The Kaplan⁃Meier method was used to draw survival curve for analyzing the relation of GSDME and SAA1 expressions in cancerous tissues with patients’ prognosis. The multivariate COX regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for prognosis in patients with oral cancer. Results GSDME expression positive rate in oral cancerous tissues was lower than that in paracancerous tissues, whereas SAA1 expression positive rate was higher than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.05). Compared with patients with high/medium differentiated degrees, without cervical lymph node metastasis, with TNM stage in Ⅰ-Ⅱ, patients with low differentiated degree, cervical lymph node metastasis, and with TNM stage in Ⅲ obtained a low GSDME expression positive rate in cancerous tissues, and a high SAA1 expression positive rate (P<0.05). The 3⁃year progression⁃free survival rate of patients with GSDME expression negative was lower than that of patients with GSDME expression positive (P<0.05), and the 3⁃year progression⁃free survival rate of patients with SAA1 expression positive was lower than that of patients with SAA1 expression negative (P<0.05). Differentiated degree, cervical lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, GSDME and SAA1 expressions in cancerous tissues were the independent influencing factors for prognosis in patients with oral cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion GSDME expression is decreased, whereas SAA1 expression is elevated in oral cancerous tissues, and both the two as above are closely related to patients' TNM stage, differentiated degree of cancerous cells, cervical lymph node metastasis, and prognosis.